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This article is in response to many questions that our small business CPAs have received about Archer Medical Savings Accounts (MSAs). These accounts are similar to IRAs. Like IRAs, special rules govern when your money can be withdrawn, for what purpose the funds can be used and the deductibility of contributions. Because Congress has not extended Archer MSAs, they have been eclipsed by health savings accounts (HSAs). Our CPAs know that this is especially important to freelancers, self-employed persons, and small business owners in new york.
If you have an MSA, a decision should be made whether to continue to operate as an MSA. Is the MSA adequate for your needs or should it be rolled over into a new HSA account? Administrative costs for setting up an HSA are generally a good reason not to convert to an HSA. A greater degree of flexibility in certain business settings may be another good reason.
Like an MSA, an HSA is a tax-exempt trust or custodial account to which tax-deductible contributions may be made by individuals with a high deductible health plan. HSAs provide tax benefits similar to, but more favorable than, those provide by MSAs. What’s more, unlike HSAs, only individuals who are self-employed or employed by a small business may participate in an MSA.
Both MSA and HSA participants must be enrolled in a “high deductible health plan.” However, that deductible is higher for MSAs. For 2010, MSA must carry an annual deductible of at least $2,000 (the same as for 2009), and at least $4,050 (up from $4,000 in 2009) for family coverage), with a maximum out-of-pocket cap of $3,000 (down from $4,000 in 2009) for individual coverage ($6,050 for family coverage).
HSAs, on the other hand, must only have an annual deductible of at least $1,200 for self-only coverage ($2,400 for family coverage), with an out of pocket cap of $5,9500 ($11,900 for family coverage). In both cases, the amounts are adjusted for inflation each year.
Qualified distributions from both MSAs and HSAs are tax free, even though contributions to either account are deductible when deposited. You may withdraw money to pay for your medical expenses and the medical expenses of your spouse and dependents. Generally, most medical expenses can be paid by these withdrawals. Withdrawals for most non-medical purposes, however, are subject to federal tax and a penalty.
The future of MSAs and HSAs is uncertain. A final health care reform bill, which is making its way through Congress, will likely impose new limits on these arrangements, such as increasing the penalty for early nonqualified withdrawals from an HSA. Our office of CPAs for the self- employed in New York will keep you informed on the developments, and how they may affect your NYC small business.
About us: MEDOWS CPA, PLLC is a boutique New York CPA NY Firm serving the needs of Individuals & Small Businesses in New York City and throughout the nation. We work with the self-employed, freelancers, LLC, C-Corporations and S-Corporations to help them with their accounting and tax needs.
Jonathan Medows, CPA
MEDOWS CPA, PLLC
A Unique, Boutique New York CPA Firm Serving the Needs of Individuals & Small Businesses